Frank Forde

The Right Honourable  Frank Forde
15th Prime Minister of Australia
In office 6 July 1945 – 13 July 1945
Preceded by	John Curtin
Succeeded by	Ben Chifley
Constituency	Capricornia (Queensland)
Born	18 July 1890(1890-07-18) Mitchell, Queensland, Australia
Died	28 January 1983(1983-01-28) (aged 92) Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Political party	Labor
Religion	Roman Catholic

Francis Michael Forde (18 July 1890 – 28 January 1983) was an Australian politician and the 15th Prime Minister of Australia. He was the shortest serving Prime Minister in Australia's history, being in office for only seven days.

Contents 1 Early life 2 Political career 3 High Commissioner and return to state politics 4 After politics 5 Family 6 See also 7 References 8 Bibliography 9 External links

Early life

Forde was born at Mitchell, Queensland, and was the second of six children of Irish immigrant parents.^[1] His father was working as a grazier at the time of his birth, and Forde was educated at St. Mary's College, Toowoomba, a Catholic school, and became a teacher. Settling in Rockhampton, he became active in the Labor Party and in workers' education groups.^[2]

Political career

In 1917 he was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly as Labor MP for Rockhampton. In 1922 he resigned and was elected to the Australian House of Representatives for Capricornia.^[2]

Forde soon advanced in the Labor ranks. When Labor won the 1929 election, he became Assistant Minister for Trade and Customs in the Scullin government. In the last days of the government he became Minister for Trade and Customs.^[3] As one of the few senior Labor MPs to survive defeat at the 1931 election, Forde became Deputy Opposition Leader in 1932. When Scullin retired in 1935, Forde contested the leadership ballot but was defeated by one vote by John Curtin, mainly because he had supported Scullin's economic policies.^[4]

Forde was a loyal deputy, and in 1941 when Labor returned to power he became Minister for the Army, a vital role in wartime.^[4] On 5 July 1945 Curtin died; as Deputy Leader, Forde was sworn in as Prime Minister on 6 July by the Governor-General, Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester. At the leadership ballot on 13 July, he contested the leadership with Ben Chifley and Norman Makin.^[5] Chifley won, but Forde was elected Deputy Leader once more. As Minister for Defence he was much criticised for the slowness with which Army personnel were being demobilised. As a result, he lost his seat at the 1946 election, though the Labor Party itself comfortably retained office.^[6]

High Commissioner and return to state politics

Chifley appointed Forde High Commissioner to Canada, and he held this position until 1953. He returned to Australia and tried to re-enter Parliament at the 1954 election, in the seat of Wide Bay, but without success. In 1955, at a by-election, he returned to the Queensland Parliament as MP for Flinders.^[6] He is the only Prime Minister who later served in a State Parliament.

However, in 1957 the Labor Party split resulted not only in Labor falling from power, but also in Forde being defeated in his own seat after a disputed and re-run election; he lost by only one vote.^[6] Save for this blow, he would probably have become Labor leader in Queensland, given that Premier Vince Gair and most of Gair's followers had been expelled from the party.

After politics

Forde retired to Brisbane where he devoted himself to Catholic charity work. In his living room hung a large portrait of wartime U.S. General Douglas MacArthur. On 11 April 1964, at the request of the Prime Minister Robert Menzies, Forde represented Australia at Macarthur’s funeral in Arlington, Virginia.^[6]

He died in 1983. His funeral was held on 3 February, the same day that Bob Hawke was elected ALP leader. Indeed, it was at Forde's funeral that Senator John Button told then Labor leader Bill Hayden that he must step aside in favour of Hawke, which he did.

The shortest-serving prime minister in Australian history - his term of office lasted only eight days - Forde was previously the longest-lived Australian prime minister (living &000000000000009200000092 years, &0000000000000194000000194 days), until he was surpassed by Gough Whitlam on 21 January 2009. He was the only deputy Labor leader who served under three leaders (Scullin, Curtin and Chifley) until Jenny Macklin (Crean, Latham and Beazley, 2001-06). The electoral Division of Forde and the Canberra suburb of Forde are named after him.

Family

Forde married Veronica (Vera) Catherine O’Reilly in 1925 and they had four children:^[7]

• Mary (b. 1928)
• Mercia (b. 1930)
• Clare (b. 1932)
• Francis Gerard Forde (1935-1966); his widow, Leneen Forde, became Governor of Queensland.

See also

• Forde Ministry

References

Bibliography

• Carroll, Brian, Australia's Prime Ministers: From Barton to Howard, Rosenberg Publishing, 2004, ISBN 187705822X
• Hughes, Colin A (1976), Mr Prime Minister. Australian Prime Ministers 1901-1972, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, Victoria, Ch.16. ISBN 0 19 550471 2

External links

• "Francis Forde". Australia's Prime Ministers. National Archives of Australia. http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/forde/. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
• Saunders, Malcolm. "Forde, Francis Michael (Frank) (1890 - 1983)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A170399b.htm. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
• "Francis Forde". National Museum of Australia. http://www.nma.gov.au/education/school_resources/websites_and_interactives/primeministers/francis_forde/. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 

Parliament of Australia
Preceded by William Higgs	Member for Capricornia 1922 – 1946	Succeeded by Charles Davidson
Political offices
Preceded by James Fenton	Minister for Trade and Customs 1931 – 1932	Succeeded by Henry Somer Gullett
Preceded by Percy Spender	Minister for the Army 1941 – 1946	Succeeded by Cyril Chambers
Preceded by Robert Menzies	Deputy Prime Minister of Australia 1941 – 1946	Succeeded by H.V. Evatt
Preceded by John Curtin	Prime Minister of Australia 1945	Succeeded by Ben Chifley
	Minister for Defence 1945 – 1946	Succeeded by John Dedman
Party political offices
Preceded by Edward Theodore	Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party 1932 – 1946	Succeeded by H.V. Evatt
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Alfred Stirling	Australian High Commissioner to Canada 1946 – 1953	Succeeded by Sir Douglas Copland

Prime Ministers of Australia Barton · Deakin · Watson · Reid · Deakin · Fisher · Deakin · Fisher · Cook · Fisher · Hughes · Bruce · Scullin · Lyons · Page · Menzies · Fadden · Curtin · Forde · Chifley · Menzies · Holt · McEwen · Gorton · McMahon · Whitlam · Fraser · Hawke · Keating · Howard · Rudd · Gillard